A monoidal category is a 2-category C with: a ‘tensor product’ ⊗:C a unit 1. an associator α:X⊗(Y⊗Z)≅(X⊗Y)⊗Z, left unitor λ: 1⊗X≅X right unitor ρ: X⊗ 1≅X that satisfies a triange and pentagon coherence laws